Transport Policy Studies' Review＜Vol.13＞
| Vol.13 No.51 2011 Winter |
(Policy research paper) Expansion of Congested Railway Capacity on a Triple-Track Line
By Hiroshi EGUCHI |
| In this paper, a method is proposed for improving level of service in congested urban railways with special travel demand characteristics by means of triple-track line operation. Where the future travel demand forecasts show sluggish growth, there is little incentives for railway investments like quadruple-track extension to alleviate current railway congestion problems. In such a situation, triple-track line operation can be the best alternative due to its moderate investment cost and ease in land acquisition for just an additional single track along the existing tracks. The simulation investigation showed that triple track line operation can increase railway capacity by 26％ and shorten travel time by 38％ in peak direction during morning peak hours. These results are encouraging and are potentially useful for overcoming current railway problems in Tokyo and in similar urban situations elsewhere. |
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| Vol.13 No.51 2011 Winter |
(Report) Examining the Issues on Unification of Two Subway Operators in Tokyo Metropolitan Area
By Yukio KUSUKI |
| A committee called“Unification of Two Subway Operator in Tokyo Metropolitan Area”has been setup to facilitate the unification process. However, each of three key stakeholders, namely, the national government, Tokyo local government, and Tokyo Metro Ltd maintain their respective position firmly. Undertaking a historical analysis, this research study examines issues related to unification of two subway operators, complete privatization of Tokyo Metro, and improvement of services to railway users. The study also looks at the meaning of unification in the context of the Land Transport Regulation Act, since the Act is still in force. In addition, the study also examines the possibility that the Antitrust Act is invoked in connection with the unification action. |
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| Vol.13 No.50 2010 Autumn |
(Academic research paper) Willingness-to-pay and Conjoint Analysis of Stated Travel Preferences Data of International Tourists from Narita Airport Survey
By Shinji HAYAKAWA, Tadahiro OKUYAMA, Toshiaki MUROI,
Michelle P. PERNIA, Hiroshi KEZUKA and Koichi FUJISAKI |
Various inbound tourism policies have been strengthened in line with the National Tourism Strategy declared in January 2003. In the transport sector, to ensure smooth travel for inbound tourists, information provision especially by means of foreign languages has been promoted systematically in public transport facilities. However, further considerations should be given to the needs and preference of the inbound tourist for more effective policy making. In this study, to understand travel preferences of inbound tourists, we used a stated-preference survey conducted among departing international tourists from Narita Airport. In particular, two factors were
analyzed: （1） the willingness-to-pay for a hypothetical increase in the price of Japan Rail Pass to include Nozomi trains; and
（2） preferences for public transport passes in Tokyo metropolitan area. |
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| Vol.13 No.50 2010 Autumn |
(Academic research paper) An Economic Analysis of Ramsey Pricing in Pool Train Fares
By Kenzo TAKEUCHI |
| Given the case that trains are operated over a track owned by two railway companies, the common fare in which they share a single break-even constraint, the common fare in which they have its own break-even constraint, an added-up fare, and a fare by the merged company are considered from the view point of Ramsey pricing. It is shown in qualitative analyses and numerical examples that the common fare is likely to be superior to the adding-up fare in terms of social net benefits. It is also shown that Ramsey rules are applicable in branch lines operated by each company. |
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| Vol.13 No.50 2010 Autumn |
(Report) Sustainable Trasport Services for Seiniors and Disabled
By Nahoko ABE |
| The purpose of this paper is to clarify what kinds of nonprofit organizations and how nonprofit organizations are managing to provide special transportation services for seniors and disabled sustainably by questionnaires and hearing survey. The result of the survey is that the organizations which provided social welfare services and elderly-care-insurance services, can manage sustainably, and that the organizations which provided the only special transport services tend to discontinue their business. It is necessity to involve new staff and to change rigid regulation to flexible one of transport services for sustainable management. |
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| Vol.13 No.49 2010 Summer |
(Policy research paper) Future Redevelopment Measures of Port Area to Meet Logistics Needs in Tokyo Capital Region
By Hidetoshi KUME |
| In Tokyo Capital region, logistics needs are increasing. On the other hand, space for these logistics facilities is limited. But method for redevelopment of the logistics area is not yet examined. So, for bay area in Tokyo Capital region as the target area, future direction of port hinterland redevelopment measures for the purpose of logistics, including increasing efficiency of international logistics, accessibility among various transportation modes and advancing the usage of the logistics area is examined and proposed. |
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| Vol.13 No.49 2010 Summer |
(Academic research paper) Estimation of Net Origin and Destination Passenger Flows of International Air Transportation
By Junya TERASAKI, Shigeru KASHIMA,Masayoshi TANISHITA and Yosuke ONEDA |
| In the international air passenger transport, OFOD statistics based on air tickets published by ICAO is generally used as O-D flows. However, since OFOD statistics counts transfer passengers twice, it is different from net O-D flows. This paper proposes the methodology to estimate the net O-D flows. Assuming route choice behavior and ticket type choice behavior of passengers, we estimate net O-D flows combining OFOD and TFS statistic. Applying this method to 10 metropolises in the world, we showed that about 30％ discrepancy was found between OFOD statistics and estimated O-D flows. |
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| Vol.13 No.49 2010 Summer |
(Report) Secondary Sales System of Airport Slots -Its Background, Current Situation and Issues Based on UK Experience-
By Naohito ISE |
| Secondary slot sales between airlines are allowed from late of 90s based on the precedent in UK, which has suffered from capacity shortage in hub-airports as well as Japan, and these sales are accomplished by exchanges slots with money which covers difference of their value. While this scheme definitely contributes to utilize scarce airport capacities, it is necessary to clarify rights included in slots, to distribute gains from the sales between stakeholders, to clarify information regarding the sales and to prevent oligopoly for further application of the scheme. |
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| Vol.13 No.49 2010 Summer |
(Report) Current Status of Air Traffic Control and Airspace Redesign in New York Metropolitan Area
By Terumitsu HIRATA |
| This paper reports the current status of the air traffic control procedures and the airspace redesign project in New York （NY） metropolitan area. In this area, the air travel passengers regularly have severe delay of flights due to the heavy air traffic volume. Therefore they are planning several countermeasures for improving such a situation. The airspace redesign is one of the biggest countermeasures. Currently, NY air traffics are controlled by using the three-dimensional airspace so densely. But the current airspace is still based on the design in 1960s and includes some inefficient systems. The airspace redesign in this time is expected to improve the efficiency of air traffic control procedures. The concepts in this airspace redesign and also in current system are very informative for the air traffic control system in Japan. |
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| Vol.13 No.48 2010 Spring |
(Academic research paper) An Effectiveness of Flexible Seat Class Assignment on Intercity Express Trains
By Munenori SHIBATA, Shintaro TERABE and Hisao UCHIYAMA |
| Most of intercity express trains in Japan supply different seat classes, （1） reserved seat, where passengers are completely guaranteed to have seating, （2） non-reserved seat, where passengers can sit anywhere if it is available. The number of respective seat class is usually fixed. The study tries to develop the flexible seat class assignment simulation system through some case studies. The study finds that this flexible assignment is effective in these aspects, （1） improving the efficiency of the facility utilization, （2） increasing the utility of passengers by decreasing the number of rejection for reservation requests, （3） increasing revenue for railway companies. |
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| Vol.13 No.48 2010 Spring |
(Report)The Current Issue on the End-of-Life Aircraft (ELA)
By Junya TERASAKI, Shigeru KASHIMA and Yosuke ONEDA |
| This paper studies the Influence on fleet status of regulation for the aircraft noise and the emission of greenhouse gases, and argues the necessity of the recycling process of composite material generated from End-of-Life Aircraft （ELA）. Lately, there have been movements aim to systematize the recycling process of ELA. Aircraft part manufacturers in Japan play an important role at a stage of production. Nevertheless, those manufacturers have not taken part in such movements. It is predicted that market about the ELA spreads in future. Consequently, the participation of the Japanese company with superior technology in Processing of ELA is strongly expected. |
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